By Stuart Barr
A couple of weeks have now passed since David Cameron's remarks on the British film industry were met with a collective raised eyebrow by both the industry and the blogosphere alike. Short version, he recommended making more commercially successful films. I gave a reaction to Cameron's pronouncements in an earlier blogpost, in which I expended a lot of words that basically amounted to replying "no shit Sherlock".
It's easy to mock the prime minister for his naive belief that identifying a potential hit film is in anyway easy. Of course, The King's Speech was trotted out ad-nauseam as an exemplar both of what sort of success the UK Film Industry should be chasing, and as a counter example of a film that in its development stages was very far from a sure-fire hit. It is tempting to ask if Cameron would have agreed a year ago that a guaranteed critical and commercial smash would be a black and white silent film, presented in academy ratio? But really, that is like shooting fish in a barrel, Cameron was doing what politicians do, making pronouncements on things they don't know a great deal about in advance of the report that would give them the facts.
Lord Smith's committee's report has now been available for several weeks. It's a substantial document – 111 pages long – and it does go some way to allaying fears that the UK film industry is heading to becoming a sub-department of the UK tourist board, producing little but handsome heritage dramas of the type Harvey Weinstein likes so much. Instead, the report presents a series of recommendations that cut across the whole of the UK industry from production to distribution, exhibition and education and training. There is in truth little that is controversial, and much that is positive and welcome in the report. I thought I'd pull out some of the key points as I see them and discuss some of the challenges facing the industry as I see them.
I was also poked into getting these thoughts down by a blog by friend and filmmaker Jon Spira (Jon made the superb Anyone Can Play Guitar documentary, available now). I feel Jon was rather down on the report, arguing that the UK film industry does not need more money spent on reports on the UK film industry. I disagree, if Cameron's comments show anything, it is that he is no more qualified to come to his own conclusions on this industry than on the NHS. This is how government works, it has to invite representatives of any industry give input into forming coherent policy. Of course the report is just that, a series of recommendations that the government could ignore.
Anyway, Jon's thoughts are interesting and I would recommend checking them out – but only AFTER you have read my screed, okay?
The report is subtitled "it begins with the audience"; they could have added the word "dummy" there. Obviously without an audience there is no British film industry. However, that audience is fragmented, accesses film through a variety of media (not merely in cinemas), and is not restricted to the British Isles. This is acknowledged with a strong focus on new film on demand services, a reassuring suggestion that funding bodies be open to a plurality of tastes in allocating monies, and that the industry should have a strategy for the export and promotion of UK film internationally.
The point about encouraging a plurality of taste among funding bodies is very important. For example, I have heard from a UK-based filmmaker that an application for funding was turned down on the sole basis that the project was a ghost story and thus too commercial. After Cameron and Julian Fellowes (a filmmaker, Tory peer and member of Lord Smith's committee) made comments suggesting too much funding in he past had gone to arthouse fare, there were fears that this meant a policy of funnelling funding solely to broad commercial productions. This fear appears unfounded.
The report also recommends funding be available to encourage the production of more domestic family and children's films. This is something to be encouraged, but please also films outside of the Disney template. I'd love to see a children's film as daring and socially important as Ken Loach's Kes in the 21st century. There is also an acknowledgment that animated films have particular challenges in funding and development, and that this should be accommodated. Given the success companies such as Aardman have had, this seems quite right and proper.
I question the recommendations for a British film brand given prominence in the report. The recent BAFTA nominations for best British film of both War Horse (a multi-million-dollar US studio film from Steven Spielberg), and The Guard (a very definitely Irish comedy thriller) point to the difficulty in reaching a satisfactory definition of what is a British film in the modern world of international co-productions.
A better focus would be on increasing the access of audiences to independent and domestic productions at their local multiplex. When more than half the screens are given over to the latest Hollywood blockbuster, and those screens are half full, something is amiss. I still feel that the question of a quota system guaranteeing some screens be given over to smaller productions from independent distributors is something that should at least be tabled for discussion. I couldn't find any mention of this.
There are recommendations in the report to allow more profit to go back to producers for the express purpose of reinvesting in production. A no brainer, but I would like to know more about what safeguards can be put in place to make sure that profits are not taken out of the industry and invested in yachts. There is also mention of incentives for directors and writers to see some profits come back to them to incentivise them in their career development. This is only fair, there are too many stories of creatives seeing no benefit despite having made a successful film. Art is great, but you still need to be able to put food on the table, otherwise its a career in advertising beckons.
It is extremely gratifying to see the report recommend that Lottery money should be allocated to local film societies and film clubs, but at the same time the government cut all funding the the British Federation of Film Societies just last year. Given that a significant proportion of the UK's population has no access to even a multiplex chain, these are often the only way to access films as they should be seen (projected onto a screen with an audience) for many.
There are significant recommendations aimed at the growth of digital avenues for film distribution and consumption. These are timely in the light of the UK launch of Netflix, and news that Sky plans a VoD service to compete with it and LoveFilm. However, this is definitely a case of playing catchup. The UK industry needs to grapple with this now or risk becoming the kind of dinosaur that the music industry became in the naughties.
At the moment, LoveFilm and Netflix represent an excellent deal for the consumer, but they are much less of a good deal for filmmakers. Revenues from VoD services for filmmakers are small, and there is no requirement for these services to invest in and support the UK industry despite the fruits of filmmakers labours generating their profits. The report recommends a digital research and development fund that can look at this area and how VoD can increase audience engagement and create new revenue models. I say that they need to get all over this as soon as possible.
LoveFilm and Netflix should engage with filmmakers in a more transparent and accountable way, and the BFI should be looking at how it's extensive catalogue of titles can be made accessible online. If you live in or near London, or are visiting, for a glimpse of what could be pay a visit the the Mediatheque in the BFI South Bank, and imagine it that was available online.
Crucially important is what the report has to say about UK broadcasters and their support of UK film. This is an important area, two of then UKs leading film companies who support and develop talent and films are BBC Films and Film 4. The report asks for the BBC's commercial wing BBC Worldwide to include film in its international promotional activities and to invest in independent film production. Whether this would mean an increase to BBC Film's budget, or would be independent of that (surely nonsensical) is unclear.
I'd like to have seen a recommendation for The Daily Mail to shut its mouth and stop complaining about BBC Films, a FILM COMPANY, sending staff to Cannes and other major international film industry events.
Perhaps the most important recommendation in the report is that the Government initiate IMMEDIATE discussions with britain's broadcasters to secure a memorandum of understanding about their commitments to UK film support. There are only two direct calls for legislation in the report, one some guff about making it illegal to record films in cinemas, the other that if the aforementioned agreement cannot be gained the government forces it on broadcasters in the forthcoming Communications Bill.
This cannot be seen as anything but direct criticism of Sky and ITV (indeed, both were quick to whine about it). However I'm not letting the BBC totally off the hook, lets have more films back on BBC's 1 and 2, bring back Moviedrome (with Alex Cox) and instead of two property development shows back to back followed by Cash in the Attic, put on an Ealing comedy instead!
There's a lot more in the report, I recommend at least skimming it. After all, the right to work things out for yourself is one of the few we have left (to paraphrase Starship Troopers).
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